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I. UNITS AND DIMENSIONS: (5 Periods) Necessity of Measurements for quantitative Study - Choosing Units. Fundamental Units in the S.I. System and their definitions. Supplementary and derived Units - Multiples and sub-multiples and rules for writing units in S.I.System. Dimension of physical quantities - Applications of dimensional Analysis with examples - Limitations of dimensional analysis.
II. ELEMENTS OF VECTORS: (8 Periods) Classification of physical quantities as vectors and scalars Geometrical representation of vectors - Addition & Subtraction of Vectors Laws of addition of Vectors - Equal and Null Vectors Unit Vectors - Unit Vectors in Cartesian co-ordinate system - Position vector and its magnitude Parallelogram law of vectors - Derivation of expression for the resultant vector. Triangle law and polygon law of vectors - Concept of relative velocity - Application to relative motion of a boat in a river. Multiplication of a vector with a scalar - Scalar product with examples of work and energy - Vector product with Examples of torque and angular momentum - Vector and Scalar product and Unit Vectors.
III. KINEMATICS: (7 Periods) Concept of acceleration due to Gravity - Equations of motion of freely falling body - vertically projected body from ground and tower - Projectiles with Examples - Oblique projection from ground and horizontal projection from the top of tower - Path of projectile. Maximum height, time of flight and range.
IV. DYNAMICS: (10 Periods) Concept of resultant force - Apparent weight in lift - Impulse - Law of conservation of linear momentum (statement only) - Work - Power - Energy - Definition and Units - Derivation of expression for P.E & K.E - Work - Energy theorem - Law of conservation of energy - Examples - Vertically projected and freely falling bodies.
V. COLLISIONS: (5 Periods) Collision of two bodies in one dimension - Elastic and in-elastic collisions - One body at rest, two bodies moving in the same and opposite directions - Coefficient of restitution.
VI. CENTRE OF MASS: (3 Periods) Definition with examples - Difference between Centre Mass and Centre of Gravity - Co-ordinates of Centre of Mass - Velocity, acceleration - Characteristics of centre of mass - Examples in the case of two dimensional motion - Laws of motion of velocity, acceleration - Characteristics of Centre of Mass - Explosion.
VII. FRICTION: (4 Periods) Causes of Friction - Static, Kinetic and rolling frictions - Angle of friction - Laws of friction - Lubricants - Pushing and pulling of lawn Roller - Derivation of expression for acceleration of a body on a smooth and rough inclined planes.
VIII. ROTARY MOTION (10 Periods) Concepts of torque and couple - Relation between angular momentum and torque - Moment of inertia - Parallel and perpendicular axes theorems - Derivation of Expressions for M.I. of a thin rod, uniform disc, and rectangular lamina. Expressions for M.I. of sphere, circular ring and cylinder (statement of expressions only) - Law of Conservation of angular momentum with examples - Motion in vertical circle.
IX. GRAVITATION: (7 Periods) Basic forces in nature - Nature of Gravitation - Propagation speed of Gravitational fields - Limitations of Newton's third law - Force at a distance - Black holes. Idea of inertial and non-inertial frames - Inertial and Gravitational masses - Principle of equivalence - Escape velocity and orbital velocity with derivation and relation between them - Geo stationary satellites and their uses.
X. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION: (8 Periods) Definitions and examples - Derivation of expressions for displacement, velocity, acceleration period and frequency - Derivation of expressions for the period of a simple pendulum and loaded spring - force constant. Derivation of expression for the K.E & P.E of a body in S.H.M. - Example of law of conservation of energy in the case of simple pendulum.
XI. ELASTICITY: (6 Periods) Elasticity & Plasticity - Stress - Strain, Hooke's law, moduli of elasticity (Y,n,K) - Poission's ratio - Behaviour of wire under gradually increasing load - Elastic fatigue, Strain Energy - Experimental determination of Y-Searle's apparatus.
XII. SURFACE TENSION (5 Periods) Surface Tension Definition and Examples - Molecular Phenomenon - Angle of contact - Capillarity with Examples in nature - Experimental Determination of S.T. by capillary rise method with necessary theory - Variation of S.T with temperature - Expression for excess pressure inside a drop and a bubble.
XIII. VISCOSITY (6 Periods) Explantion - Statement of Poisuille's expression - Variation of coefficient of viscosity with temperature - Streamline flow - Stokes formula - terminal velocity - Principle of buoyancy - Pressure in a fluid - Bernoulli's theorem (Derivation included) - application to aerodynamic lift and motion of spinning ball.
XIV. THERMAL EXPANSION OF MATERIALS (20 Periods) Vibrations of atoms in a solid - Potential Energy Curve - anharmonicity of vibrations - Explanation of thermal expansions - Difference in a values (of solids) of different materials. The coefficients of real and apparent expansion of liquids and the derivation of the relationship between them - Variation of density with temperature. Determination of coefficient of apparent expansion of liquid by specific gravity bottle method. Volume and pressure coefficients of gases - Derivation of their relationship - Experimental determination of the two co-efficients by Regnault's and Jolley's bulb apparatus - Absolute Zero - Kelvin Scale of Temperature - Boyle's law and Charle's law - Derivation of ideal gas equation - significance of universal gas constant.
XV. THERMO DYNAMICS: (9 Periods) Definition of calorie, thermal capacity, specific heat and latent heat - Experimental determination of specific heat and latent heat - Law of mixtures - Joule's law and mechanical equivalent of heat (J). Three phases of matter & triple point of water. Definitions of specific heats of gasses (Cp & Cv) - Isothermal and adiabatic processess - Derivations of relationships between P,V & T - External work done by an ideal gas during expansion - Internal energy - Statements and explanation of Zeroeth, first and second laws of Thermodynamics - Derivation of Cp-Cv=R (without using Maxwell's Equations).
XVI. TRANSMISSION OF HEAT: (7 Periods) Conduction of Heat - Coefficient of thermal conductivity - Convection of Heat - Nature and properties of Thermal Radiation - Prevost's Theory of heat exchanges - Emissive and absorptive power of bodies - Black body radiation - Kirchoff's law and its application - Stefan's law - Newton's law of cooling .,
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